Top 100 Films of the 1940s
I cannot believe I’m closing in on the last month of this series! Only three posts left after this one, which I honestly thought I’d never get through. The 1940s was a little on the tougher side for me. While there are incredible titles that I had to cram into the top 25, there was also a lot of titles that I watched out of obligation (or necessity to fill out the list) that were rather forgettable to me personally. You can chalk this up to a cultural or generational barrier (one I’m really going to have to cut through for the next two lists) and because of that, my analysis is significantly shorter than in other decades.
The decade of war. Obviously. World War II was raging and every major country was putting their focus there. Which, ultimately, reflected in the culture. Leading up to and during the war film was plagued by propaganda. Additionally, many of the films that Hollywood produced during this time were distractions from the war. Disney films are a great example of this, as the 1940s was one of the studio’s most powerful decades; during this decade alone they released the classics Bambi, Pinocchio, Dumbo, and Fantasia—the last of which had revolutionary animation for its time. As the war waned and eventually ended films began to depict the American victory, as well as reflections on the changing culture. Noir films, at their height, introduced the Femme Fatale: a woman who was typically either 1) financially independent 2) cheating on her significant other or 3) a fiercely independent criminal with the sole purpose of leading the starring man astray (think: Maltese Falcon, Double Indemnity). In almost all of these films, the women are punished for their actions and the warning is clear: a financially or sexually independent woman needs to be punished. This isn’t an accident, either: it is literally part of the Hays Code. And it played nicely into the growing anxieties around women taking men’s place in the work world (and earning their own money) while the men fought in the war. When they returned home there was a large cultural riff: women wanted to continue to work and earn their own money, and many men wanted them to stay home. I’m not really here to take sides, but rather to point out that Hollywood harnessed the anxieties that were had around the thought of women finding financial stability without men, and that this concern was brought out by the war (as I woman I totally value my independence though sooooo).
Speaking of the Hays Code (yeah that pesky thing again) guess what Hollywood scriptwriters were balls deep in? Between that and the first wave of McCarthy-inspired blacklists (perpetuated by rats like Elia Kazan and Ronald Reagan), free speech did not exist within Hollywood during the 40s. Although screenwriters tried to work around these things they were substantial barriers that prevented many performers of color from landing significant roles and relegated them, to offensive bit parts. Women, as mentioned, also were frequently given roles steeped in misogyny. The interesting thing to me, and something I really want to cover in my upcoming Hollywood History segment, is how this “wholesomeness” was a veneer. And how it was imposed upon creative individuals by politicians in order to keep what was the status quo. I don’t have time to dig into this in this post or even next week’s post on the 30s, but it is really important to consider when dissecting tropes that we still see today and I do promise a further autopsy of this.
Abroad things were MUCH different. Italian neo-realism was ramping up. Fascism had ripped its way through the country and the artists of the time were grappling with this, and poverty, and overall disillusionment with non-profession films. They weren’t the stylized and moralizing films of Hollywood: they had no make-up, non-professional actors, long cuts and unrelated scenes, and most importantly: very, VERY small budgets. Day of Wrath, released 3 years after the Nazis began occupying Denmark, chronicles the Church’s oppression of women and bad people doing misguided and bad things centuries beforehand; paralleling with the Catholic-backed fascism that controlled the filmmaker’s country at the time. Japanese cinema, which had been almost exclusively propaganda during the war, was now required to be translated into English and face a censorship board itself. And, similarly to Hollywood films, there was a ban on excessive violence and suicide meaning that any Japanese historical film became bogged down with censorship. From this, the contemporary drama was born, and careers like that of Kurosawa and Ozu were born. This decade was particularly influential for Japanese cinema of the future, and it’s a topic I am really interested in learning further, and if I find any good resources I will certainly be sharing them with you all!
The 40s were certainly interesting, at least because they were fundamental to cinema how we know it now. I got lost ranking these, REALLY lost, and I’d say that’s probably because so much of the era’s films were so vanilla. But the history of the decade is truly rich, and it makes me want to explore it in greater depth.
As usual, here are the posters on Letterboxd.
100. Pittsburgh
99. Miracle on 34th Street
98. Dead of Night
97. Gilda
96. Ball of Fire
95. A Matter of Life and Death
94. Adam’s Rib
93. A Tree Grows in Brooklyn
92. Now, Voyager
91. The Lady Eve
90. The Grapes of Wrath
89. The Fallen Idol
88. Odd Man Out
87. Great Expectations
86. Letter From an Unknown Woman
85. Caught
84. The Life and Death of Colonel Blimp
83. The Heiress
82. A Hen in the Wind
81. The Adventures of Ichabod and Mr. Toad
80. The 47 Ronin
79. All That Money Can Buy
78. The Best Years of Our Lives
77. The Pirate
76. The Seventh Victim
75. The Strawberry Blonde
74. Thieve’s Highway
73. The Palm Beach Story
72. Utamaro and His Five Women
71. This Land is Mine
70. The Thief of Bagdad
69. Spring in a Small Town
68. Les Dames du Bois de Boulogne
67. Beauty and the Beast
66. Scarlet Street
65. A Canterbury Tale
64. Ivan the Terrible, Part I
63. The Woman in the Window
62. Not Wanted
61. Lifeboat
60. Paisan
59. Brute Force
58. A Foreign Affair
57. Leave Her to Heaven
56. The Letter
55. Brief Encounter
54. Random Harvest
53. I Know Where I’m Going!
52. I Married a Witch
51. The Long Voyage Home
50. Kitty Foyle
49. Mildred Pierce
48. The Shop Around the Corner
47. Ivan the Terrible Part II: The Boyar’s Plot
46. They Were Expendable
45. Fort Apache
44. Red River
43. On the Town
42. I Walked with a Zombie
41. Bringing Up Baby
40. The Philadelphia Story
39. High Sierra
38. Out of the Past
37. The Lady From Shanghai
36. The Uninvited
35. Laura
34. The Wolf Man
33. Fantasia
32. Waterloo
31. Twelve O’Clock High
30. Germany Year Zero
29. Cat People
28. Black Narcissus
27. The Treasure of Sierra Madre
26. It’s a Wonderful Life
25. Gaslight
24. The Third Man
23. Shoeshine
22. Dumbo
21. Rebecca
20. A Man Escaped
19. Late Spring
18. Drunken Angel
17. Children of Paradise
16. Arsenic and Old Lace
15. Pinocchio
14. La Terra Trema
13. Rome, Open City
12. Double Indemnity
11. The Maltese Falcon
10. Bambi
9. The Great Dictator
8. Rope
7. His Girl Friday
6. The Big Sleep
5. Citizen Kane
4. Casablanca
3. Bicycle Thieves
2. The Red Shoes
1. Day of Wrath
Just two more decades and then the ultimate list! I have really enjoyed this project, but in some ways, I am happy to be seeing the light at the end of this tunnel. I hope you see the year out with me.